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Compound Summary

General Compound Information

2-acetylpyrazine

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Description

2-acetylpyrazine is a pyrazine that is substituted by an acetyl group at position 2. It has been identified as one of the volatile flavor constituents in popcorn, bread crust, vinegar, and potato snacks. It has a role as a flavouring agent. It is an aromatic ketone and a member of pyrazines.

Synonyms

Acetylpyrazine; 22047-25-2; 2-ACETYLPYRAZINE; Ethanone, 1-pyrazinyl-; Methyl pyrazinyl ketone;

1-(pyrazin-2-yl)ethanone;1-pyrazin-2-ylethanone;1-(pyrazin-2-yl)ethan-1-one;1-Pyrazinylethanone;2-acetyl pyrazine;Ketone, methyl pyrazinyl;1-pyrazin-2-yl-ethanone;Pyrazin-1-ylethan-1-one;Ethanone, 1-(2-pyrazinyl)-;1-Pyrazin-2-ylethan-1-one;Ethanone, l-pyrazinyl-;Pyrazine der.;MFCD00006134;FEMA No. 3126;1-(2-Pyrazinyl)ethanone;GR391IBU5C;DTXSID5047085;NSC-72374;acetylpyrazine, 2-;EINECS 244-753-5;1-pyrazinyl-ethanone;NSC 72374;L-Pyrazinyl-Ethanone;Acetylpyrazine, 97%;2-acetyl-1,4-diazine;AI3-34445;1-Pyrazin-2-ylmethanone;UNII-GR391IBU5C;1-(2-pyrazinyl)-ethanone;1-(pyrazin-2-yl)-ethanone;SCHEMBL78340;1-(2-Pyrazinyl)ethanone #;ACETYLPYRAZINE [FHFI];1-(2-pyrazinyl)-1-ethanone;2-ACETYLPYRAZINE [FCC];CHEMBL3188662;DTXCID3027085;FEMA 3126;METHYL 2-PYRAZINYL KETONE;CHEBI:145236;ZINC163730;BCP29214;NSC72374;Tox21_302309;AC7524;BBL037027;s6261;STL560136;AKOS000265506;AB00602;AC-3203;CS-W007692;HY-W007692;PS-5458;2-Acetylpyrazine, >=99%, FCC, FG;NCGC00256085-01;SY004986;CAS-22047-25-2;DB-001327;A0988;AM20070441;FT-0610980;EN300-67311;A19555;Q-100279;Q15726062;F2158-1508;Z513735920;2-Acetylpyrazine pound>>1-Pyrazinylethanone pound>>1-pyrazin-2-yl-ethanone;

FlavorDB ID

2526

PUBCHEM ID

Molecular Weight

122.12 Molecular Formula

C6H6N2O

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Similarity

CATEGORY	QUALITY	THRESHOLD	OCCURENCE	REFERENCE
smell	roasty	3.275e-6 µmol/L	wheat bread popcorn	details
smell	roasty	1.802e-2 µmol/L	barley tea	details

Toxicity Summary
Link to the Distributed Structure-Searchable Toxicity (DSSTox) Database

Food Additive Safety (OFAS)
ACETYLPYRAZINE is used for FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT. More food additive safty information please view GRAS report.

EFSA's chemical Hazards Database : OpenFoodTox
This compound is found in OpenFoodTox with the name: Acetylpyrazine

Reference point : Defined point on an experimental dose–response relationship for the critical effect. This term is synonymous to Point of departure (USA). Reference points include the lowest or no observed adverse effect level (LOAEL/NOAEL) or benchmark dose lower confidence limit (BDML), used to derive a reference value or Margin of Exposure in human and animal health risk assessment. In the ecological area, these include lethal dose (LD50), effect concentration (EC5/ECx), no (adverse) effect concentration/dose (NOEC/NOAEC/NOAED), no (adverse) effect level (NEL/NOAEL), hazard concentration (HC5/HCx) derived from a Species Sensitivity Distributions (SSD) for the ecosystem (EFSA Scientific Committee,2018). Citation: DOI 10.5281/zenodo.4740174

Reference point information of this compound is not available!

Reference Value

Reference Value : The estimated maximum dose (on a body mass basis) or the concentration of an agent to which an individual may be exposed over a specified period without appreciable risk. Reference values are established by applying an uncertainty factor to the reference point. Examples of reference values in human health include acceptable daily intake (ADI) for food and feed additives, and pesticides, tolerable upper intake levels (UL) for vitamins and minerals, and tolerable daily intake (TDI) for contaminants and food contact materials. For acute effects and operators, the acute reference dose (ARfD) and the acceptable operator exposure level (AOEL). In animal health and the ecological area, these include safe feed concentrations and the Predicted no effect concentration (PNEC) respectively (EFSA Scientific Committee, 2018). Citation: DOI 10.5281/zenodo.4740174

OUTPUT ID	ASSESSMENT	QUALIFIER	VALUE	UNIT	POPULATION
2242	TTC Cramer Class II	=	9	µg/kg bw/day	Consumers
2075	TTC Cramer Class II	=	9	µg/kg bw/day	Consumers
2919	MSI/FC	=	0.3	mg/kg	Pigs
2919	MSI/FC	=	0.3	mg/kg	Poultry
2919	MSI/FC	=	0.5	mg/kg	Animal not used for food production - unspecified
2919	MSI/FC	=	0.5	mg/kg	Cattle
2919	MSI/FC	=	0.5	mg/kg	Salmons

Genotoxicity

Author	YEAR	OUTPUT ID	Genotoxicity
EFSA AFC	2008	2242	Negative
EFSA CEF	2011	2075	Negative
EFSA FEEDAP	2017	2919	Not determined

EFSA Outputs

Output ID	Title	DOI	Published
2075	Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 50, Revision 1 (FGE.50Rev1): Consideration of pyrazine derivatives evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to pyrazine derivatives evaluated by EFSA in FGE.17Rev2 (2010). EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes, Flavourings and Processing Aids (CEF)	doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2011.1921	06May2011
2242	Flavouring Group Evaluation 50 (FGE.50): Consideration of pyrazine derivatives evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to pyrazine derivatives evaluated by EFSA in FGE.17 (2005)	doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2008.636	07Mar2008
2919	Safety and efficacy of pyrazine derivatives including saturated ones belonging to chemical group 24 when used as flavourings for all animal species	doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4671	03Feb2017

Receptors

Receptor information of this compound is not available!

Consensus Spectra

Spectrum Type	Spectrum View	Description	Polarity
Experimental LCMS	view	LCMS_Positive	positive

Content

Compound Summary

2-acetylpyrazine

Description

2-acetylpyrazine is a pyrazine that is substituted by an acetyl group at position 2. It has been identified as one of the volatile flavor constituents in popcorn, bread crust, vinegar, and potato snacks. It has a role as a flavouring agent. It is an aromatic ketone and a member of pyrazines.

Synonyms

Acetylpyrazine; 22047-25-2; 2-ACETYLPYRAZINE; Ethanone, 1-pyrazinyl-; Methyl pyrazinyl ketone;

FlavorDB ID

2526

PUBCHEM ID

30914

Molecular Weight

122.12

Molecular Formula

C6H6N2O

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CC(=O)C1=NC=CN=C1

IUPAC Inchikey

DBZAKQWXICEWNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N

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Content

Compound Summary

2-acetylpyrazine

Description

2-acetylpyrazine is a pyrazine that is substituted by an acetyl group at position 2. It has been identified as one of the volatile flavor constituents in popcorn, bread crust, vinegar, and potato snacks. It has a role as a flavouring agent. It is an aromatic ketone and a member of pyrazines.

Synonyms

Acetylpyrazine; 22047-25-2; 2-ACETYLPYRAZINE; Ethanone, 1-pyrazinyl-; Methyl pyrazinyl ketone;

FlavorDB ID

2526

PUBCHEM ID

30914

Molecular Weight

122.12

Molecular Formula

C6H6N2O

Openeye Can Smiles

CC(=O)C1=NC=CN=C1

IUPAC Inchikey

DBZAKQWXICEWNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Network

Shown in network

Similarity

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Reference Details

Reference Details

OpenFoodTox: component Acetylpyrazine

GC-MS Spectrum